Freight classification is the process of categorizing goods for shipment based on specific characteristics, including size, weight, density, handling requirements, and liability risks. The classification, assigned as a National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) code, directly impacts your shipping costs.
Here’s why this system is so integral to your profitability:
Shipping Rate Determination: Freight classification forms the basis for determining your freight costs. Higher freight classes, often assigned to lighter but bulkier items, incur higher shipping rates. For restaurant suppliers, items like refrigerators or ice machines might fall into high classifications if dimensions and densities aren’t calculated precisely.
Reclassification Penalties: Errors in classification often lead to reclassification by carriers. For example, a shipment labeled as Class 70 (industrial equipment) might be reclassified to Class 150 if its density is overestimated. These penalties aren’t just frustrating—they can add hundreds or thousands of dollars to a single shipment.
Operational Disruptions: Misclassified freight can cause delays as carriers validate or dispute incorrect data. This is particularly problematic for businesses operating on tight schedules, such as restaurant suppliers delivering critical equipment during remodels or new construction projects.
By understanding and addressing the factors that influence freight classification—such as weight and dimensions—you can avoid unnecessary expenses and disruptions.